kimerajamm
Joined: 28 Nov 2010
Posts: 785
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 Posted: Mon Mar 07, 2011 2:12 pm Post subject: Saxony, Franconia |
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After the invasion of the Huns 375 and with the decline of Rome from 395 began the great migration, during which the Germanic tribes moved further and further to the southwest. Simultaneously several large tribes formed on the territory of modern Germany and displaced the smaller Germanic tribes. These were the Franks and Alamanni in the West, the Saxons in the North, the Bavarians in the South and the Thuringians in the East who walked into the nearly deserted areas of today's East Germany in the 7th Century to the Elbe-Saale line which marked the new border to the Slavic tribes. Large segments of the population of today's East Germany were characterized as Slavic (Germania Slavica) in the Early Middle Age. Only during the High Middle Ages, they were assimilated (Ostsiedlung). The main part of Western and Central Europe and thus also large areas of today's South and West Germany were occupied by the Franks, now Northern Germany was ruled by the Saxons and Slavs. All areas of the former Frankish Empire associated with todays Germany were in the eastern part of the empire, which had been known since the Merovingian period as Austrasia. A certain self-rule of Austrasia appeared the first time in 614 as King Clotaire II had to sign the Edictum Chlotharii, in which it was confirmed that each of the three Frankish sub-kingdoms (Neustria, Austrasia, Burgundy) came under the rule of a Mayor of the Palace.
Holy Roman Empire 962–1806
Main article: Holy Roman Empire
See also: Medieval demography and Ostsiedlung
The Imperial Crown of the Holy Roman Empire, created around AD 1000
On 25 December 800, Charlemagne founded the Carolingian Empire, which was divided in 843. The medieval empire resulted from the eastern portion of this division and existed in varying forms from 962 until 1806. Its territory stretched from the Eider River in the north to the Mediterranean coast in the south. Often referred to as the Holy Roman Empire (or the Old Empire), it was officially called the Sacrum Romanum Imperium Nationis Germanicć (Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation) starting in 1448, to adjust the title to its then reduced territory.
Martin Luther initiated the Protestant Reformation.
Under the reign of the Ottonian emperors (919–1024), the duchies of Lorraine, Saxony, Franconia, Swabia, Thuringia, and Bavaria were consolidated, and the German king was crowned Holy Roman Emperor of these regions in 962. Under the reign of the Salian emperors (1024–1125), the Holy Roman Empire absorbed northern Italy and Burgundy, although the emperors lost power through the Investiture Controversy. Under the Hohenstaufen emperors (1138–1254), the German princes increased their influence further south and east into territories inhabited by Slavs, preceding German settlement in these areas and further east (Ostsiedlung). Northern German towns grew prosperous as members of the Hanseatic League. Starting with the Great Famine in 1315, then the Black Death of 1348–50, the population of Germany plummeted.[19]solar panels installer
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